The phyllaries are produced in a 2–4 series. The phyllaries, or bracts below the flower head, are persistent and number 15–50. The inflorescences have crateriform to hemispheric shaped involucres which are 12–40 mm wide. The flowers are collected together into single rounded heads at the ends of long peduncles.
Most species have leaf margins that are entire, but sometimes they are dentate or serrate. Leaf bases gradually increase in width away from the petioles or the bases are rounded to heart shaped. Some species have linear to lanceolate leaves, and others have elliptic- to ovate-shaped leaves often the leaves decrease in size as they progress up the stems. The leaf blades in different species may have one, three or five nerves. The basal leaves and the lower stem leaves have petioles, and as the leaves progress up the stem the petioles often decrease in length. The leaves are normally hairy with a rough texture, having uniseriate trichomes (1–4 rings of cells) but sometimes they lack hairs. Both the basal and cauline (stem) leaves are arranged alternately. They have erect stems that in most species are unbranched. purpurea, which grows from a short caudex with fibrous roots. Although commonly sold as a dietary supplement, there is insufficient scientific evidence that Echinacea products are effective or safe for improving health or treating any disease.Įchinacea species are herbaceous, drought-tolerant perennial plants growing up to 140 cm or 4 feet, in height. laevigata, are listed in the United States as endangered species.Įchinacea purpurea is used in traditional medicine. Some species are cultivated in gardens for their showy flowers. These flowering plants and their parts have different uses. The generic name is derived from the Greek word ἐχῖνος ( ekhinos), meaning " sea urchin", due to the spiny central disk. They have large, showy heads of composite flowers, blooming in summer. They are found only in eastern and central North America, where they grow in moist to dry prairies and open wooded areas. It has ten species, which are commonly called coneflowers. Genus of flowering plants in the daisy family AsteraceaeĮchinacea / ˌ ɛ k ɪ ˈ n eɪ ʃ i ə/ is a genus of herbaceous flowering plants in the daisy family.
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